The Japanese society has shifted from the soaring economic growth to the mature phase. However, infrastructure including roads is required, at any time, to be developed and upgraded to meet the social needs. Our main studies in this field are on the following issues: - The history of infrastructure development considering the aspects including the long-term impact of infrastructure development, - Benefits and burdens concerning the finance of infrastructure, - New measures for infrastructure development including privatization and decentralization and - Road maintenance measures in the era of renewal for safe and effective maintenance of infrastructure. Effectiveness analysis of discount of toll roads     Change of ring road development Source: “The New Era of Ring Roads” Road bureau of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, 2006 Road development method in EU countries     Source : Prepared based on the materials of Autostrade